Ịbawanye nkwụsi ike nke mmepụta nri n'oge mgbanwe ihu igwe na-aga n'ihu na ịkwado mmepụta ume ọhụrụ bụ ma ihe ịma aka dị mkpa n'ụwa taa.
Otú ọ dị, mmepụta ike anyanwụ na-aghọwanye uru na-erite uru maka ala ubi, nke butere nchegbu na ugbo anyanwụ ga-ewepụ mmepụta nri.
Otu ihe ngwọta nwere ike ime bụ agrivoltaics - nhazi nke ọrụ ugbo na oghere fotovoltaic nke anyanwụ - nke nwere ike ịnọgide na-emepụta ihe ọkụkụ, na-emepụta ume ọhụrụ, iji mmiri dị ala ma na-abawanye uru ugbo.
Otú ọ dị, ndị ọrụ ugbo chọrọ enyemaka, n'ịchọpụta ihe ọkụkụ na ebe kachasị mma maka usoro agrivoltaic, yana nhazi na ntinye nke anyanwụ na-ejigide ma ọ bụ na-amụba ihe ọkụkụ.
Onyinye $10 nde ọhụrụ sitere na National Institute of Food and Agriculture na Ngalaba Agriculture nke United States ga-enye ndị na-eme nchọpụta aka ka ha mụọ otu esi eme ka ihe kachasị mma maka usoro agrivoltaic dị iche iche na ụdị ala dị iche iche na ọnọdụ ihu igwe.
Ụlọ ọrụ na-edu ndú na ọrụ afọ anọ, akpọrọ "Sustainably Colocating Agricultural and Photovoltaic Electricity Systems," ma ọ bụ SCAPES, bụ Mahadum Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Ụlọ ọrụ mmekọ gụnyere Mahadum Arizona, Mahadum Colorado State, Mahadum Auburn, Mahadum Illinois Chicago na National Renewable Energy Laboratory. A na-akwado ọrụ a site na mmemme Agriculture na Institute Research Sustainable Agriculture Systems. Mahadum Arizona ga-enweta $ 1.725 nde nke onyinye onyinye.
Ndị otu nyocha Greg Barron-Gafford gụnyere UArizona undergraduate na ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Barron-Gafford, aka nri, nke ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ Alyssa Salazar, Leandro Phelps-Garcia na Isaiah Barnett-Moreno sere onyinyo ya.
Greg Barron-Gafford, prọfesọ na Ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Geography, Development na Environment College of Social na Behavioral sayensị, ga-abụ onye ndu sayensị anụ ahụ na ọrụ ahụ. Na 2017, ndị otu nyocha Barron-Gafford, nke gụnyere UArizona undergraduate na ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, malitere itolite ihe ọkụkụ n'okpuru usoro mbara igwe dị ụkwụ itoolu na mahadum. Biosphere 2 akụrụngwa, ebe Barron-Gafford bụ onye nduzi nke nri, ike na mmiri resilience ngwọta.
Barron-Gafford duziri mbụ ubi-data ntule nke agrivoltaics na United States. Ọ chọpụtara na agrivoltaics na-abawanye arụmọrụ nke ma akụkụ anyanwụ na mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ. Mmiri nke osisi na-ewepụta na-eme ka akụkụ anyanwụ dị jụụ, nke na-eme ka arụmọrụ ha dịkwuo mma na mmepụta eletrik. Ndo sitere na ogwe ahụ na-abawanye mmepụta ihe ọkụkụ ma na-echekwa mmiri, nke dị mkpa karịsịa ka mgbanwe ihu igwe na-abawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ebe ndị nwere ike ịdaba na oke okpomọkụ na oké ọkọchị, Barron-Gafford kwuru.
Ihe oru ngo SCAPES ga-eji 1.5-acre Agrivoltaics Learning Lab na Mahadum Arizona dị ka otu n'ime saịtị nyocha atọ nke agrivoltaics - ya na ndị ọzọ na Illinois na Colorado - iji nyochaa microclimatic na nzaghachi osisi maka ọnụnọ nke mbara igwe. Usoro nha ga-agbaso ụkpụrụ Barron-Gafford mepụtara.
N'afọ 2017, ndị otu nyocha Barron-Gafford malitere itopụta ihe ọkụkụ n'okpuru usoro mbara igwe dị n'ụkwụ itoolu na ụlọ ọrụ Biosphere 9 nke mahadum.
"Amụma USDA a bụ oge mbụ anyị ga-enwe nrụnye n'ezie," Barron-Gafford kwuru. "A na-ajụ anyị mgbe niile 'Uru ndị a niile ị na-ahụ ka na-eme mgbe ị na-ebuli nke a elu ma ọ bụ lelee ụdị ọrụ ugbo ndị ọzọ?' Nke ahụ bụ n'ezie ihe ọrụ a na-eme: Ileba anya na ohere na ihe mgbochi ndị na-abịa na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ. "
Site na onyinye a, Barron-Gafford gbakwụnyere, “anyị ga-enwe ike ịtụ ọtụtụ ihe ọkụkụ n'otu oge. Anyị ga-enwekwa ike ịme ọtụtụ aghụghọ, dị ka ịhụ etu anyị nwere ike isi kpọghachite iji mmiri anyị wee gboo mkpa nri.
"Oru ngo anyị ga-enye nyocha zuru oke nke ike mgbanwe nke agrivoltaics," Madhu Khanna, onye isi nyocha nke onyinye na onye isi nwa oge nke Mahadum Illinois Urbana-Champaign Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment kwuru. "Ebumnobi anyị bụ ịnọgide na-enwe ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-amụba ihe ọkụkụ, mụbaa ngwakọta - nri na ọkụ eletrik - mmepụta nke ala, na ịgbasa ma mụbaa uru ndị ọrụ ugbo site na ihe ọkụkụ na nri nri na ihe ọkụkụ pụrụ iche n'ofe gburugburu."
Andrea Gerlak, UArizona prọfesọ na School of Geography, Development na Environment na nwa oge director nke Udall Center for Studies in Public Policy, ga-abụ osote onye nduzi nke oru ngo si na-elekọta mmadụ sayensị nnyocha. Gerlak na ndị ọrụ ibe ga-eduzi ndị otu na-elekwasị anya na ndị dị iche iche dị iche iche, dị ka ndị ọrụ ugbo, ndị ụlọ ọrụ anyanwụ na ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, iji mụta ihe na-akpali mkpebi ha banyere iji usoro agrivoltaics na otú echiche ha si agbanwe ka nsonaazụ nyocha ọhụrụ dị.
Onyinye a gụnyekwara akụrụngwa nkuzi maka ụmụaka K-12, ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji na ọha. Moses Thompson, onye isi UArizona Mmemme Ogbe na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ, na ndị otu ya ewepụtala usoro usoro iwu na atụmatụ nkuzi maka itinye ụmụ akwụkwọ na ọha na eze na ubi ụlọ akwụkwọ na Agrivoltaics Learning Labs arụnyere na Rincon High School / University High School na Manzo Elementary School na Tucson Unified School District. Ọ ga-akwado mbọ iji jikọta ahụmịhe na mmụta aka na saịtị nyocha atọ SCAPES.
“Ogidi 'Agbamama dị ukwuu' nke atụmatụ atụmatụ anyị na-elekwasị anya n'ịkwalite ike anyị na nyocha iji gboo nsogbu na ọkwa mba na ụwa niile. Ịhụ na e nwere nri site n'iji ike emeghari ume bụ ihe atụ pụtara ìhè nke otú ndị nchọpụta anyị si emepụta ihe ngwọta ọhụrụ maka nsogbu ndị siri ike, "Onye isi ala Mahadum Arizona kwuru. Robert C. Robbins. "Obi dị m ụtọ ịhụ ọrụ dị egwu Dr. Barron-Gafford na-aga n'ihu n'ọkwa ọzọ site na onyinye a sitere na USDA ma ana m atụ anya iso ya, Dr. Gerlak na Mr. Thompson ka mbọ a na-emekọ ihe ọnụ na-aga n'ihu."
- Lori Harwood, Mahadum nke Arizona College of Social and Behavioral Sciences
Foto dị n'elu: Onyinye a, n'otu akụkụ, ga-akwado mbọ iji jikọta ahụmahụ na mmụta aka na saịtị nyocha atọ SCAPES. Foto: Moses Thompson/UArizona Community na Mmemme Ogige Ụlọ Akwụkwọ